VENTURE CAPITAL MAGNET

India continues to attract venture capital firms seeking extra-ordinary returns. The country’s attractiveness is highlighted by the fact that about 60 foreign investment firms have expressed eagerness to invest in India, as per data as on May 31, according to the country’s stock market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).

Currently, there are 129 foreign venture funds and 132 domestic funds operating in India. These funds collectively invested about $8 billion in FY 2008-09, with almost equal amount of investments.

Real Estate sector emerged favourite, attracting $1.4 billion of investments followed by telecommunication and services sectors sharing the second slot at about $630 million each and information technology $550 million, respectively.

INDIA: A PREFERRED INVESTMENT DESTINATION

• UNCTAD declares India as the second most-preferred global location for foreign investments.
• PwC urges Engineering and Construction companies to look to India for growth.
• Investments of more than $500 billion planned to flow into India's infrastructure by 2012.
• India registered a 45% growth in FDI during April-December 2008

Encouraging Estimates

Money will continue to chase growth prospects and the global investors are realizing the fact that India offers an excellent opportunity for them even at a time of global recession. Apparently that’s the reason why growth/emerging markets such as India and China continue to be the most attractive markets for the European family office investors, according to an informal survey conducted by London-based Somerset Capital, a leading independent private market placement firm.

The survey has also highlighted the fact that 63% of Somerset’s top 50 European family offices are ‘active’ in 2009 making new investments. If we extrapolate the same trend to the entire set of global investors, we get the reason why India continues to attract billion-dollar plus foreign direct investments (FDI) even in the recent months that are marked by heightened economic crisis globally. The invest-worthiness of India has been acknowledged by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), which declared India as the second most-preferred global location for foreign investment in 2008.

A similar view was expressed in a recent report released in Toronto by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), the world’s largest professional services firm, which has urged the Engineering and Construction (E&C) companies to look to India for growth as domestic markets contract. “Foreign companies who do not acknowledge the opportunity now may miss out on a critical opportunity to establish a long-term presence in one of the world's largest growth markets”, warns PwC.

PwC estimates that India will become the world's third largest economy by 2050. Similar projections have earlier been made by Goldman Sachs and CLSA. Despite the recent slowdown, PwC expects the Indian economy to grow at 7%-7.5% annually. The reason why PwC has emphasized on Engineering and construction (E&C) sector is the fact that more than $500 billion worth of investment is expected to flow into India's infrastructure by 2012. Projected spending from now until 2012 is $167 billion in electricity, $92 billion in roads and $65 billion in railways. The liberalization of government regulations and a deliberate strategy on the part of the Indian Government to develop infrastructure and promote foreign direct investment (FDI) spells opportunity for foreign E&C companies, the report says.

Government’s Initiatives

India’s Interim Budget for the Financial Year 2009-10 by the Finance Minister on February 16 informed the parliament that the government has accorded approval to 37 infrastructure projects worth $14.4 billion (Rs.70,000 crore) from August 2008 to January 2009. Under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode, in-principle approval has been given to 54 Central sector infrastructure projects with project cost of $14 billion (Rs.67,700 crore) and final approval to 23 projects for viability gap funding amounting to $5.75 billion (Rs.27,900 crore) between August 2008 and January 2009.

Not surprisingly, India received FDI worth $23.3 billion during April-December 2008, registering a growth of 45% when compared to the same period in the previous year. In the fiscal year 2007-08, India’s FDI was a record $32.4 billion. Although the government of India has acknowledged a slowdown in FDI post September 2008, the country is still receiving one billion dollar plus foreign direct investments every month. Considering the global liquidity crunch, this figure is not disappointing. FDI inflows in to India till September 2008 averaged between $2.5 billion and $3 billion a month. Despite the recent slowdown, India is attracting much more FDI compared to a few years back. The country had received $3.13 billion FDI in the entire fiscal year of 2003-04.

Apart from Engineering & Construction (E&C), other sectors such as IT, Telecom and real estate have attracted large investments from the foreign investors. During April-September 2008, FDI inflow in IT sector (including computer software and hardware) has reached $1.4 billion, which is equal to the investments during the whole financial year of 2007-08. The telecommuncation sector has attracted FDI of $5.8 billion in the calendar year 2008.

FDI Guidlines

The Indian government has been actively facilitating the foreign investments with its continuous efforts in policy reforms and simplifying approval routes. Recently, in a welcome move, it has further simplified the rules by restricting the cascading effect of foreign shareholding in an Indian company on its downstream investments. As per the new FDI rules, the foreign investment through the investing Indian company would not be considered for calculation of the indirect foreign investment in case of Indian companies which are ‘owned and controlled’ by resident Indian citizens and/or Indian Companies that are owned and controlled by resident Indian citizens. Certain sectors such as telecom, broadcasting and insurance, however, will continue to be covered under the method of calculation of total foreign investment outlined in their sector-specific regulations.

The Government of India permits FDI up to 100% on the automatic route in most sectors/activities. Some of the sectors such as Defence, Aviation, Print Media and Telecom have been classified as sensitive sectors.

FDI is allowed up to 26% in defence production subject to licensing and certain guidelines. In the aviation sector, FDI up to 49% and investment by Non-resident Indians (NRI) up to 100% is allowed on the automatic route in Domestic Scheduled Passenger Airline Sector, while FDI up to 74% and investment by Non-resident Indians (NRI) up to 100% is allowed on the automatic route in Non Scheduled airlines, Chartered airlines, and Cargo airlines as well as Ground Handling Services. FDI up to 100% is on the automatic route in Maintenance and Repair organizations, flying training institutes, technical training institutions, and helicopter services/seaplane services. Although the foreign airlines are disallowed to participate directly or indirectly in the equity of an Air Service Undertaking, the Indian Minister for Civil Aviation Mr. Prafull Patel has indicated that the government is considering a relaxation on this front.

In the Telecom Sector, 74% foreign investment (Including FDI, Foreign Institutional Investment (FII), Non-Resident Indian (NRI), Foreign Currency Convertible Bond (FCCBs), American Depository Receipt (ADRs), Global Depositary Receipt (GDRs), convertible Preference shares, and proportionate foreign equity in Indian promoters/ Investing Company) is allowed in Basic and cellular services, Unified Access Services, National/International Long Distance, V-Sat, Public Mobile Radio Trunked Services (PMRTS), Global Mobile Personal Communications Services (GMPCS) and other value added telecom services. Similarly, 74% FDI is permissible for ISPs with gateways, radio-paging and end-to-end bandwidth, while 100% FDI is allowed for ISPs without gateway and infrastructure companies providing dark fibre, right of way, duct space and tower (Category I). Companies offering electronic mail and voice mail services, and Manufacture of telecom equipments also allowed to have 100% FDI.

Print media has a cap of 26% FDI for publishers of newspaper and periodicals dealing with news and current affairs. Publication of Indian editions of foreign magazines dealing with news & current affairs also has a similar cap of 26% FDI including Investments by NRIs/PIOs/FIIs. The government, however, allows 100% FDI for publishing of facsimile edition of foreign newspapers and scientific magazines/specialty journals/periodicals.

Some of the other sectors, such as Direct-to-Home (DTH) and Insurance have the FDI cap of 49% and 26% respectively.

CLEARING THE FDI HIGHWAY

The Government of India has yet again unfolded the red carpet to Foreign Investments by augmenting its Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) guidelines to provide the much needed capital injection to cash-starved sectors, such as retail, real estate & infrastructure, telecommunication, among others, that need capital infusion of more than $600 billion over a period of five to 10 years.

The new guidelines state that foreign holdings in a company with majority control of Indians will not be treated as indirect foreign investment in any downstream subsidiary, thus expanding investment opportunities for global investors seeking to be a part of the growth story of the world’s second fastest growing economy.

The easing of FDI norms fall in line with other growth initiatives and stimulus packages announced by the government last year, which have started showing revival trends in key sectors like steel, cement, automobile, food and beverages and fast moving consumer goods (FMCG).

The cement sector grew 10% in December 2008 as compared to November and the year on year increase of 11%. Steel declined steadily through September, October and November last year. The sector recovered in December 2008 and January 2009 touching the May 2008 figure of 22.86 metric tonnes when the sectoral growth rate was 4.1%. The automobile sector grew too, with the January 2009 figures in the passenger vehicles sales showing a 32% rise over December 2008 and commercial vehicles at 23% over a similar time frame. FMCGs and food & beverages have recorded a year on year growth of 26.4% and 28% respectively for the quarter ended December 31, 2008. Such growth trends across sectors send assuring signals of economic revival and corresponding profitable investments for investors.

WHAT SLOWDOWN? INDIA NO 1 HIRING DESTINATION

India ranks at the top amongst 33 countries with most favourable fourth-quarter hiring plans. It is followed by Costa Rica, Peru, Singapore, Taiwan, Colombia, Romania, Poland, Argentina, Australia and South Africa, all of which have reported a positive employment outlook...

The Economic Times

FDI IN REAL ESTATE MAY TOUCH $25 BN IN 10 YEARS

Foreign direct investment in the country's real estate sector is likely to rise to a whopping $25 billion in the next 10 years from the present $4 billion, even as the industry faces a slowdown in the short term due to rising interest rates...

The Economic Times

PE DEALS SURGE 55% in H1 2008 DRIVEN by REALTY SECTOR

Private equity investments in the country witnessed an increase of 55 per cent in terms of value to touch $10.4 million during the first six months of this year, driven by significant deals announced in the realty and infrastructure sector. Overall, there were 207 deals worth $10.4 billion during first half of 2008, as against 178 transactions with a value of $ 6.69 billion during the corresponding period a year-ago.

Business Standard

Job market in India to remain positive: Manpower

The release of Manpower Employment Outlook Survey has revealed that job market in India is expected to remain positive yet cautious in the third quarter of 2008. Of the 32 countries and territories surveyed globally this quarter, employer hiring intentions continue to be robust in India with an overall Net Employment Outlook of +45%.

Indiainfoline
http://www.indiainfoline.com/news/
innernews.asp?storyId=70001&lmn=1

Real Estate Mutual Funds: Just another brick in the wall?

This is indeed a busy time for market regulators. With India on, what looks like, a sustainable growth path, it is a good time for reforms and introduction of newer financial products.

The Economic Times
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Personal_Finance/
REMF_Another_brick_in_the_wall/articleshow/
3013565.cms

Red Fort Capital’s Rs 2,700-crore plan for real estate

Private equity firm Red Fort Capital plans to invest about Rs 2,700 crore in real estate by 2009, including acquisition of 2,500 acres of land in over 20 cities across the country.

The Financial Express
http://www.financialexpress.com/news/
Red-Fort-Capitals-Rs-2-700crore-plan-for-real-estate/266018/

India Inc sells record shares in '07

Indian Companies sold shares worth a record 451.37 billion rupees in 2007 through public issues, with real estate Companies dominating the initial public offer (IPOs) route, a primary market monitoring firm said on Wednesday. The amount raised in 2007 was 83 per cent higher than last year's mobilisation of 246.79 billion rupees, Prime Database said in a statement.

The Financial Express
http://www.financialexpress.com/news/
India-Inc-sells-record-shares-in-07/254448/

QVC to invest $200 mn in new, existing realty projects

India’s first venture capital-funded real estate company, QVC Realty Pvt. Ltd, plans to invest $150-200 million (Rs594-792 crore) in 2008 in new and existing projects. The Bangalore-based company, which had raised $100 million of venture capital funding in April this year from IL&FS Investment Managers Ltd (IIML), has already committed $80 million to date.

Mint
http://www.livemint.com/2007/12/23235118/
QVC-to-invest-200-mn-in-new.html

Spiralling rentals hit retail boom

First came political misgivings and then street protests by small-store owners across the country, who were afraid they would be put out of business by the deep pockets and discounting powers of the retail chains. But that perhaps didn’t worry Indian tycoons as much as the surge in rentals and space shortages they are now battling in a bid to open thousands of stores and change the way the subcontinent shops.

Mint
http://www.livemint.com/2007/12/23235111/
Spiralling-rentals-hit-retail.html

China property boom falters, but crash unlikely

High prices, rising interest rates and a government drive to cool speculation are dampening the market. Many Chinese bought property several years ago partly because of talk that preparations for the 2008 Beijing Olympics would boost prices in the capital and other cities — so now that the Olympics are near, some fear a crash may be looming

The Economic Times
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/International_Business/
China_property_boom_falters/articleshow/2638934.cms

The IndusView Publication - Volume 3, Issue 7

Indian Airspace: More Planes, Fewer Names

Market dynamics can create strange bedfellows. Kingfisher Airlines, a subsidiary of UB Group, India's largest alcoholic spirits manufacturer is looking to acquire Deccan Aviation, India’s top low-cost carrier to become India’s largest airline with a 34% market share. The transaction will bring together two contrasting companies. Kingfisher, run by Vijay Mallya, India’s flamboyant entrepreneur often compared with the U.K.’s Richard Branson and Air Deccan founded by Capt. G. R. Gopinath, a former Indian Army Officer who popularized low-cost air travel in India.

The merger follows the recent acquisition of Air Sahara by Jet Airways, until now, India’s largest private sector airline with a 32% market share, and the merger of two state owned carriers Air India and Indian – to create the National Aviation Company of India (NACIL).

The wave of airline consolidation we first predicted in Vol3 | Issue 5 clearly continues.

Wireless Telecoms: Size Matters

Consolidation also continues in the wireless sector, evident from the expected merger of Idea Cellular Ltd owned by Aditya Birla Group, one of India's largest diversified conglomerates, with Spice Telecom, which is 49% owned by South East Asia’s second largest phone company Telekom Malaysia Bhd.

Idea Cellular and Spice Telecom will have a combined subscriber base of 17.3 million in 11 circles making it the fifth largest mobile operator, surpassing Tata Teleservices Ltd, part of the Tata group, India's largest private sector business group.

The world’s fastest growing mobile phone market, which is expected to more than double to 348 million subscribers by 2010 has undergone consolidation worth more than $12 billion in transaction value so far this year compared with $2 billion last year. The most significant deal has been the acquisition of Hutchison Essar Ltd, second largest GSM mobile service provider, by the U.K.’s Vodafone Group Plc.

Real Estate: Billion Dollar Opportunities

General Electric Company (GE), the world’s second largest company by market value, is boosting its commitment to India’s real estate market by allocating $2 billion for real estate projects such as townships, special economic zones (SEZs), information technology (IT) parks, retail and residential developments.

Industry experts forecast demand, precipitated by India’s burgeoning Information Technology (IT) industry, for as many as 80 million housing units over the next 15 years and 200 million square feet in office space in the next five years.

More insight into India’s property market can be gotten from the Company Watch section of this issue where we’ve profiled DLF Ltd, India’s largest real estate developer slated to have the country’s largest initial public offering (IPO) when it lists $3 billion worth of new shares this month.

Bundeep Singh Rangar
Chairman, IndusView
Bundeep.Rangar@IndusView.com
www.indusview.com
www.rangar.com